A Big Year for GPS

The Global Positioning System, better known to its users as GPS, exists as a complex interlocking network of satellites, operators, and users. Last July 17th, GPS turned 20 years old. In a mere two decades, the technology has changed the way we navigate and orient ourselves. It remains the standard for accuracy in positioning and continues to grow. In fact, this year saw several leaps forward for the famous government program.

The 2nd and 19th Space Operations Squadrons

Referred to as 2 and 19 SOPS, “Team Black Jack,” or the 50th Space Wing, these two integral units consist of the men and women who run GPS from Schriever Air Force Base. While there are many SOPS at Schriever, only two are concerned with GPS. You could think of 2 SOPS as ground control, performing commands and carrying out missions, whereas 19 SOPS dedicates its time to launches and sustaining the operative capacity of satellites in orbit.

The 50th Space Wing’s profound impact on our world goes largely unnoticed, but this year, they received due recognition.

Public Recognition and Events

Last year, the 2 and 19 SOPS took part in multiple public events, even hosting GPS week in February. The educational event involved a tour of Schriever for many middle and high school students and the 2nd squadron visiting local schools in an outreach program. Later in the year, the city of Colorado Springs (near where the program is based) honored the 2 and 19 SOPS on the program’s 20th birthday by declaring July 17th “GPS Day.” With more publicly, the 50th Space Wing and GPS garnered attention on an episode of “60 Minutes.”

Continuing Expansion

In just 2015 alone, the 2 and 19 SOPS launched and assumed command of three new satellites. After three months of preparation, Team Black Jack expanded its network from 8 to 11 total operational satellites. This may mean new and unprecedented advances in GPS’s precision and timing capabilities in the years to come.

How Technology Is Shaping The Future Of Land Surveying

Photo Of A Land Surveyor - Garrett & Associates

Technology has forever changed the ancient art/science of land surveying. Although experts still rely on old-fashioned tools of the trade, such as compasses, levels, and measuring wheels, modern gadgets help them collect information a lot faster. New equipment and techniques have undeniably altered the profession, making it much broader than it was in the past. Many surveyors now see themselves as project information managers, rather than outside consultants who complete a few specialized tasks. Here is a list of the equipment they might use.

Total Station Theodolite – A modern version of an ancient tool, the total station is a theodolite, or transit, that is equipped with an electronic distance meter. Capable of reading slope distances to specific points from hundreds of yards away, the tool can save surveyors hours on mapping, stakeout, and property line surveying.

3-D Laser Scanner – With the help of this invaluable instrument, surveyors can now create digital 3-D models that help architects accurately visualize the land they will be building on.

Satellite Positioning Systems – Once considered a luxury, GPS technology is now an essential surveying tool experts use to collect data in the field on a daily basis.

GIS Software – The same software that runs programs like Google Maps is utilized by surveyors to create digital maps of nearly any area. Helpful in establishing property lines, these maps are widely used in construction projects of all sizes.

Deep Tows – Contrary to popular belief, surveyors don’t only work on dry land. Some of them explore the ocean floor with equipment called deep tows. These underwater survey systems use sonar or cameras that are towed by vessels to capture images of the ocean floor, which may later be used for academic or construction purposes.

Drones – Many forward-thinking surveyors believe that drones are the biggest thing to happen to the profession since the compass. Inexpensive and easy to operate, these unmanned aircraft are the ideal platform for remote sensing and aerial photography. With the information drones can collect, surveyors can simply and affordably provide accurate measurements, maps, and models of any size project.

New technologies have given surveyors the ability to take a more active role in the construction cycle, from beginning to end. Because the information they collect, analyze, and interpret is needed at all steps and stages of the process, surveyors are fast becoming active members of the management team.